b'by 6 horses, to one penny for a horse being ridden, with 2 oxen being rated as one horse.The residents of Stamford Bridge were very hard-pressed, as at one time they had 2 tollbarsone on the York side of the bridge and one in the Square, about where the zebra crossing is now. There was an appeal in 1858 for the removal of one of them.The Garrowby and Stonedale End Trust (as it was called on the 1854 OS map) lasted until 1872. The advent of canals from 1760 and railways from 1840 affected turnpikes in general though not the A166 in particular. Things were becoming much more centralised, 1854 OS Map which meant that villages were not so self-sufficient and people travelled Eastern tip of End of Turnpike Trust about a lot more. McAdam and Bishop Wilton Parish Telford developed their systems of limestone etc. It was also possible to get seasonroad surfacing, and then as now, the tickets for regular users such as carriers, who wouldbetter the roads, the more people want to travel.then be waved through. Following the demise of the Turnpike Trust, A Trust was obliged to maintain the road, hedgesthe expense of road maintenance reverted to the etc, and from 1776 to put up milestones andresponsibility of the parish, until 1888 when it was fingerposts (see article on milestones in Bulletin 4).taken over by Local Government.Before this could be achieved a special Act had to beReferences: passed setting out the measurement of a statutoryRoads and Turnpike Trusts in Eastern YorkshireKA mile; previously a mile had varied from district toMacmahon, EYLHS, 1964districthence the expression a country mile. Marking the Miles, A History of English MilestonesUsing toll roads could be very expensive: a travellerCarol Haines, 2000from Hay-on-Wye to Scarborough paid 22 in tolls in1854 Ordnance Survey Mapthe 1770s when a labourer earned about one shillingExtract from a private report of a Special Committee (5p) a day!In 1823 charges for coaches varied fromunder LGA 1894, dated 16th April 18952 shillings and threepence for carts or waggons pulled Isnt History Interesting? 1751 and 1752Two Rather Short Years:Kate PrattIn 1752 England switched from the Julian Calendarfast over the centuries and the seasons no longer to the Gregorian Calendar; the change had beenquite matched the months. Consequently in 1752 the instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, so it took3rd to the 13th of September were done away with. some time for the English to get round to it. There were riots in the streets with the slogan Give Up until that time, the year began on Lady Day,us back our 11 days! still ringing down the ages; this 25th March, which is one of the old quarter days,distress was partly caused by landlords still wanting still used in agricultural circles when rent is payablethe usual rent for a 19-day month.quarterly. But in order to conform with the newThe fact that the financial year still starts on 6th calendar the year 1751 ended with 31st December,April reflects both these facts: the taxman continued instead of with March 24th, truncating it by nearly 3to respect Lady Day as the first day of the new year, months. but also accepted that tax could not be paid early and The other change brought about by the Calendarso allowed the deleted days to be added on to the Act of 1751 was a necessary correction to thelast yearthus we pay our tax 11 days after the old calendar by omitting 11 daysthe world had runNew Years Day.110 BULLETIN 7'